“Reflection – looking back so that the view looking forward is even clearer”. Unknown
We’re often asked about our happiest moments, or toughest challenges and the actions that have
got us to where we are at key moments in our lives. However, thinking on our day-to-day actions, we
often lack the time or energy to reflect on what happened in the past 12 hours. When in fact this is
the most crucial for self-improvement both personally and professionally. Reflective practice is an
integral part of the teaching process to ensure links can be made from one experience to the next
and progress in practice is constantly happening. At the end of a long and tiring day in the classroom, emotions can run high and its easy to feel overwhelmed. However, reflection can minimise the stresses faced by teachers by examining what went well, what can be improved and outlining actionable steps to put into daily practice.
A reflective teaching practice is a cycle in which teaching takes place, self-assessment of the
effectiveness of the teaching for the learners is considered, new ideas to teaching approaches are
explored, trialling these methods in the classroom, and repeating the process. It can be done with
others to share best practice as well as get support, meaning its valuable for both new and
experienced teachers.
When considering the stages of the reflective cycle, all teachers are familiar with the planning and
preparation stage of teaching, but the period of self-assessment is crucial for a successful teaching
session. Therefore, when thinking about self-assessment it is important to build this into your daily
practice. Whilst the end of the lesson, is the best time to assess the outcome of the teaching and
learning, it is not always possible to do so due to time constraints and other commitments.
Therefore, it would be recommended that the end of the working day is the next best option. Take
some time each day to look back on each lesson plan, considering the questions of “What went well? What would I change if I repeated this lesson tomorrow? What was the learning atmosphere like?” This time for reflection and self-assessment allows for the learning process to be fully maximised, removing any possible barriers, as well as the teaching to be engaging and innovative. This process can also be helpful when considering learners who may have special educational needs or require further learning support, ensuring your teaching practice is meeting the needs of the individuals. It can be helpful to build a reflection section into your lesson plans to make this a regular practice and keep track of how your practice evolves over time. A learning journal can also be helpful for recording these thoughts and ideas.
Once reflection of the teaching and learning has taken place, the room for new or modified methods
of teaching can begin. This does not have to be a scary experience but one to enjoy and relish in. You can make small changes to an activity or reconsider your entire approach but whatever you decide can encourage new learning opportunities for both you as a teacher and for students. Speak to your colleagues, explain the challenges you might have faced and often a solution (or multiple) will be offered. This will encourage sharing of best practice which can be incredibly helpful. Also consider reflection with the students, as feedback from the learners can help you make more informed decisions about the teaching process and what truly meets the needs of the learners. Another useful tool can be peer observation. Whilst it can feel daunting to be observed, it should be viewed as a positive learning tool. Allowing your colleagues to observe your teaching practice can enable them to offer further guidance for creating a more engaged classroom, with new activity ideas and approaches you may not have considered before.
Remembering some key principles when instilling your reflective practice into practice are:
– Reacting How will I decide what area of my practice I will focus on?
– Recording How will I assess my performance?
– Reviewing What worked well and how do I know this?
– Revising What will I change or adapt?
– Reworking How will I put this in place?
– Reassessing How successful were the new strategies?
Try and find a process that works for you and remembering these key principles will help you build a
teaching practice that ensures the classroom becomes a space to thrive in, both for you as a teacher and for your learners.
Katarina Mann
Academic Advisor
Cambridge International Education
