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B.F. Skinner (1904–1990) was a prominent American psychologist, Harvard professor, and proponent of the behaviourist theory of learning, according to which learning is a ‘conditioning’ process in an environment of stimulation, reward, and punishment. Skinner differentiates between informal learning, which happens spontaneously, and formal education, which relies on the instructor producing ideal patterns of stimulus and response (reward and punishment), or “operant conditioning.”
The ideas of B.F. Skinner centres on behaviour and operant conditioning. He thought that behaviour is acquired by reinforcement. For instance, if a dog performs a trick and his owner rewards him with a treat, he will likely repeat that behaviour in the future since it was positively reinforced.
Skinner also developed a method called token economies, which involves giving rewards to a subject in exchange for certain behaviours. For example, if a dog barks at strangers, you might offer him a treat instead of scolding him.
